In English grammar, future in the past is the use of "would or was/were going to" to refer to the future in terms of a specific point in the past.
The future in the past is used when the speaker wishes to refer to a time in the past when a particular event is still in the future — although now — at the moment of happening/speaking, it has already passed. This particular combination often uses the semi-modal expression “be going to” as this can easily be marked as past tense. It is often used when the expected event did not occur, or the expectation is invalid.
When the future scheduled in the past or “from the past” as it is a future relative to the time of the past agreement is an individual agreement, we usually use the past tense progressive form which corresponds to the present continuous is used in arrangements that come after the present tense.
She is going to have a meeting to finalize the agreement after the lunch.
Она собирается провести встречу, чтобы завершить сделку после обеда.
They are going to swim after Alan’s birthday party tonight.
Они собираются поплавать сегодня вечером после вечеринки по случаю дня рождения Алана.
She was going to have a meeting after the lunch, but her customer canceled it.
Она собиралась провести встречу после обеда, но клиент отменил её.
They were going to swim after the party, but all of them got wasted.
Они собирались поплавать после вечеринки, но все ужасно напились.
I am getting married soon and I would like you to be my best man.
Я скоро собираюсь жениться и хочу, чтобы ты был моим шафером.
They are watching the game and having some snacks.
Они смотрят игру и едят разные закуски.
He was getting married soon and he wanted me to be his best man.
Он скоро собирался жениться и хотел, что я был его шафером.
They were watching the game and had some snacks.
Они смотрели игру и ели разные закуски.
The new app for hotel booking is about to be launched.
Скоро будет запущено новое приложение для бронирования отелей.
They are about to leave the city.
Они собираются покинуть город.
He was about to confess what he had done, but his sister told him not to do it.
Он собирался признаться в содеянном, но сестра сказала ему не делать этого.
I was about to call my friend for dinner, but I realized my cell phone’s battery was dead.
Я собирался позвать друга на ужин, но понял, что мой мобильный телефон разрядился.
The teacher is to assign the homework before the she finishes the lesson.
Учитель должен дать домашнее задание до окончания урока.
The president is to sign the new law before he leaves the office for his term.
Президент должен подписать новый закон до того, как покинет свой пост.
The victim, John Doe, 18, was to arrive home for his birthday on November 13th.
Потерпевший, 18-летний Джон Доу, должен был вернуться домой на свой день рождения 13 ноября.
The postman was to deliver the letter when the accident happened.
Почтальон должен был доставить письмо, когда произошел несчастный случай.
They are due to leave the country next week when their visas expire.
Они должны покинуть страну на следующей неделе, когда истечет срок их визы.
She is due to finish the marketing research till the end of the month.
Она должна закончить маркетинговое исследование до конца месяца.
He was due to leave the work on Friday, but the CEO did not allow him.
Он должен был уйти с работы в пятницу, но генеральный директор не разрешил ему.
They were due to build the playground yesterday, but the construction company did not supply the workers.
Вчера должны были построить детскую площадку, но строительная компания не предоставила рабочих.
Past future is used to express past thoughts that you considered something would happen in the future. Whether you are right or wrong. Past futures follow the same scheme as simple future. "Was/were going to" is used for planned actions, and "would" is used for voluntary or committed actions. In our next article, we will focus more on voluntary and committed actions by using the variants of "would".
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